Wednesday, March 4, 2015

Youngstown Citizens Urge ODNR TO Continue To Deny Fracking Waste Injection Well Permit in Earthquake Area

Frackfree Mahoning Valley                         News Release
_______________________________________________________
For Immediate Release:  March 2, 2015
Susie Beiersdorfer:  Cell phone: 330-881-1050 or Phone: 234-201-0402
______________________________________________________
Frackfree Mahoning Valley says newly obtained public documents show that the Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR) denied a Mahoning County injection permit based upon their finding that “ … the Khalil #3 saltwater injection well is located in close proximity to an area of known seismic activity”:
If ODNR has not already done so, Frackfree Mahoning Valley calls for ODNR to uphold this order despite company’s letter saying it will appeal the Chief’s Order:  
Frackfree Mahoning Valley is planning a Townhall – style, open public meeting on Friday, March 13, 2015, featuring a nationally renowned leader and speaker, to discuss these documents and what communities can do to protect their drinking water, air, land and public health, safety, and property values in relation to fracking waste injection wells and man-made earthquakes.
 
Youngstown, Ohio, March 2, 2015 – Frackfree Mahoning Valley (FFM) was made aware of two new, important Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR) public documents showing that the state denied a permit for  injection of waste into a Mahoning County injection well based upon risks of man-made earthquake activity in Youngstown and the surrounding area. The ODNR “Order By the Chief” is dated September 24, 2014. 
       Teresa Mills, longtime environmental justice advocate, alerted Frackfree Mahoning Valley to the public records.
       The second document, dated December 1, 2014 to Chief Richard J. Simmers, is the response of Rex Energy (“parent company of R.E. Disposal LLC”) to ODNR’s injection permit denial.  The company’s letter mentions a possible appeal of the ODNR Chief’s order denying the company permission to inject waste.  
       The Rex Energy letter also includes a request for Chief Simmers to allow “us to make limited injections into the well during your work group’s deliberations, so that we can together gather information on seismicity associated with the injections.”  
       Copies of both documents can be found at the Frackfree Mahoning Valley website at:
       Frackfree Mahoning Valley’s response follows:
       Induced seismicity (man-made earthquakes) is a serious issue undergoing scientific scrutiny, not only locally, but worldwide.  We cannot forget that the highest magnitude earthquake, so far, that scientists link to injection was a magnitude 5.7 in Prague, Oklahoma in 2011.
       Frackfree Mahoning Valley calls for ODNR to stand by their September 24 decision to deny the injection permit based upon their finding that “the Khalil #3 saltwater injection well is located in close proximity to an area of known seismic activity.”  That was the correct decision and the right thing to do to protect the public health, safety, and public interest, including local property values and private property rights.
       It is astonishing that the company in question would request permission for “limited injections” despite ODNR’s original denial of the permit finding that this is an “area of known seismic activity.”  To us, it appears as though allowing “limited injections” would amount to experimenting and thereby gambling with the public health and safety of residents in order to provide data for a work group. This is immoral and highly misguided, to say the least.  Our local communities did not give official informed consent to be used in this way.  If they have not done so already, ODNR must deny any “limited injections” in order to protect the public interest.
       Furthermore, a February 17, 2015 Youngstown Vindicator article reports that a deep injection well in Weathersfield that apparently is linked to earthquakes and an earthquake “swarm” is being considered for reopening. That reopening the deep well would even be considered is astounding, reckless, and certainly not in the public interest. The well must remain closed. Additionally, because it is in an area of known seismic activity, the shallower well never should have been permitted to reopen and should be immediately closed, as well, in order to protect public health and safety.
       The continued injection of millions of gallons of fracking waste is putting the public health and safety of our communities at greater risk of man-made earthquakes.  This is too high a price to pay.
       This situation is getting worse – not better.  For example, despite Ohio state regulations after the magnitude 4.0 Northstar 1 injection well earthquake on December 31, 2011, there are now three man-made earthquake sites, documented by scientists, in the local area rather than just the one Northstar 1 site of 2011.  There is an additional site in Harrison County, Ohio. These facts support our belief that earthquakes cannot be regulated to make them safe or to keep them small.  Earthquakes cannot be regulated. 
       We do not think that citizens should be forced to adapt to man-made earthquakes.  We want the earthquakes and the injection of millions of gallons of fracking waste to stop. Did anyone ask the people whether they want to endure the high risks and costs of man-made earthquakes while companies try to control their magnitudes, essentially gambling with the public health and safety? The informed consent, or lack of consent, of the people was not sought beforehand. It should have been.   It is absurd to think that human beings can control earthquakes with 100 percent certainty.  The risks and costs are too high.  
       We believe that fracking cannot be done safely, or even fairly, with the technology as it stands today. Where is all of the fracking waste that is constantly being created going? There is no good, safe, or fair solution to this problem. The generation of millions of gallons and tons of fracking waste must stop. Ohio is not a waste dump.
       Frackfree Mahoning Valley is planning a townhall-style open public meeting in Youngstown, Ohio on Friday, March 13, 2015, where the general public and local officials can discuss the possible implications of these newly obtained documents and what communities can do to protect their families’ safe drinking water, air, land and public health, safety, and property values in relation to fracking waste injection wells and man-made earthquakes.
       Frackfree Mahoning Valley is finalizing plans to have a nationally renowned leader as the keynote speaker at this very important meeting. FFM will announce details of the upcoming townhall meeting in a separate news release.  All media and the general public are invited to attend.
       Interested citizens can call Frackfree Mahoning Valley at 234-201-0402 or e-mail at frackfreemahoning@gmail.com for more information.
        To see copies of the ODNR “Order By the Chief” dated September 24, 2014 and the company letter to ODNR please see: 
       The December 1, 2014, letter cited above can also be found at the following website:
 
For more injection well and earthquake related information please see the following links:
  
“Study says Weathersfield earthquake and injection well are linked   Expert: Seismic events dwindled after ODNR ordered shutdown,” by Ed Runyan, Vindicator, February 17, 2015:
 
       To see a February 3, 2015 WFAA news report (news video included) that aired in the Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas area featuring the Youngstown area earthquakes please see:
 “The Fault Line: Ohio quakes offer lessons for Texas,” by Byron Harris, WFAA, “News 8 Investigates:”

For a November 14, 2014 article that addresses man-made earthquakes please see:
 “Scientists link over 1000 earthquakes to fracking or fracking waste injection wells in Ohio, yet the state of Ohio only lists 18 quakes on their website. Why? How can Illinois and other states benefit from Ohio’s experience with fracking induced seismicity?” November 14, 2014, article by Dr. Ray Beiersdorfer, Professor of Geology, Dept. of Geological & Environmental Sciences, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, Ohio:
       http://www.frackfreemahoning.blogspot.com/2014/11/scientists-link-over-1000-earthquakes.html
 
       Information about injection wells in Weathersfield and Vienna, Ohio is included in the following article:
“Tremors trigger concerns about wells,” by Virginia Shank, February 22, 2015, Tribune Chronicle
 
       (The following GAO report includes information about “seismic activity.”)
“DRINKING WATER: EPA Program to Protect Underground Sources from Injection of Fluids Associated With Oil and Gas Production Needs Improvement,” U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO), GAO-14-555, published June 27, 2014:
 
       For media inquiries or more information, e-mail:
Also see:

Frackfree America National Coalition based in Youngstown
 
                                                                   # # #
SPECIAL NOTE TO READERS: a lecture on injection wells and their waste products will be given Wednesday, March 4, 2015 at 7pm  in Cushwa Hall, Room B112, 210 Lincoln Ave, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, OH 44503
*MAP https://goo.gl/maps/Rq0UG * FREE and open to the public. There is FREE on-street parking after 5 p.m. at the metered parking spaces along Lincoln Avenue and nearby streets.
Lecture title: A Citizen Audit of Ohio Oil and Gas Waste Disposal Wells - LIVE Skype by Mr. Nathan Rutz, Communities United for Responsible Energy(CURE), Ohio Organizing Collaborative

EVENT on facebook: https://www.facebook.com/events/367358213468006/

Wednesday, February 25, 2015

Great Climate Action Marcher Returns To Youngstown State via Skype Lecture February 25

Faith Meckley, We Are Seneca Lake, Student, Dept of Journalism, Ithaca College to speak at Youngstown State University on Natural Gas Storage Under New York’s Finger Lakes: Environmental and Health Concerns. February 25, 2015. 7 PM
ENTIRE SERIES: http://newsroom.ysu.edu/speaker-series-on-energy-and-the-environment-continues-this-semester/
Cushwa Hall, Room B112, 210 Lincoln Ave, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, OH 44503

*MAP https://goo.gl/maps/Rq0UG *

FREE and open to the public. There is FREE on-street parking after 5 p.m. at the metered parking spaces along Lincoln Avenue and nearby streets.





EVENT is here on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/events/1420772774887607

Faith Meckley was born and raised in Geneva, NY on the north end of Seneca Lake, the largest of the 11 Finger Lakes. Her childhood was spent outside and her connection with nature at a young age has had an enormous impact. Now that she understands that her home region is in danger, not to mention the entire planet, she finds it impossible not to take action. Over the summer and fall of 2014 she walked across the country to demand action on climate change, including a march through the YSU campus. She has been arrested twice for protesting, and may be facing jail time in March for one of her actions. She is currently balancing being a full-time student at Ithaca College and an organizer for We Are Seneca Lake.

The massive expansion plans for gas storage under Seneca Lake is the subject of "Seneca in the Balance," an upcoming public forum on Tuesday, March 11 at Watkins Glen High School Auditorium which will address the future of NY's Finger Lakes region: Will it be clean water and fine wine, or industrial gas storage?

For more information, visit http://wearesenecalake.com/ or http://gasfreeseneca.com/
ALSO see We Are Seneca Lake at https://www.facebook.com/WeAreSenecaLake

http://www.fltimes.com/news/article_bea2961a-9c02-11e4-8678-2f4e6735004f.html?mode=story

ALSO SEE https://www.facebook.com/ClimateMarch


 

 
 

Wednesday, February 18, 2015

ODNR Was Correct to Deny Permit To Youngstown, Ohio Injection Well In Light of Earthquakes

Click thumbnails or "Download File" to download the documents concerning NORTHSTAR KHALIL (SWIW #11)/R.E. Disposal #1, API Well Number 34099231570000
click to download document: Denial of permit to inject fracking wastewater "brine"
Denial of permit to inject fracking wastewater "brine"
(order given by Rick Simmers, Chief of ODNR’s Division of Oil & Gas Resources),
September 2014
2014_421_odnr_denial_of_permit_to_inject.pdf
Download File


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click to download document: seismic monitoring for injection of fracking wastewater
Rex Energy request to Rick Simmers,
Chief of ODNR’s Division of Oil & Gas Resources


322974rex-energy-letter-to-odnr.pdf
Download File


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click to download document: Well Permit for NORTHSTAR KHALIL (SWIW #11)
Well Permit and other info for
NORTHSTAR KHALIL (SWIW #11)  3
39 McCartney Rd, Campbell, OH 44405
41.090531, -80.612180 
ODNR / API Wellcard is here - at bottom there are links to the well's permits and well completion records:
https://gis.ohiodnr.gov/MapViewer/WellSummaryCard.asp?api=34099231570000
map image of NORTHSTAR KHALIL (SWIW #11)  3 39 McCartney Rd, Campbell, OH 44405 41.090531, -80.612180
NORTHSTAR KHALIL (SWIW #11)  3
39 McCartney Rd, Campbell, OH 44405
41.090531, -80.612180

map image of NORTHSTAR KHALIL (SWIW #11)  3 39 McCartney Rd, Campbell, OH 44405 41.090531, -80.612180
NORTHSTAR KHALIL (SWIW #11)  3
39 McCartney Rd, Campbell, OH 44405
41.090531, -80.612180
https://goo.gl/maps/TcWqR

 NORTHSTAR KHALIL (SWIW #11) / R.E. Disposal #1, API Well Number 34099231570000


image for Feb 9 press release - click to enlarge
If image does not load click alternative  HERE
Seismically active areas near Vienna, OH former KDA injection well now owned by KTCA of OK
Seismically active areas near Vienna, OH former KDA injection well now owned by KTCA of OK

Thursday, February 5, 2015

Trumbull County Meeting: Residents Seek Control of Injection Wells and Toxic Fracking Waste

Thursday 6pm Meeting on fracking waste injection wells, Feb 5: Due to growing concern over injection wells in Trumbull County, the commissioners and County Engineer Randy Smith will hold a second public meeting to discuss Trumbull County becoming a dumping ground for fracking waste water, updates on oil and gas exploration and injection wells locally, how permits are issued and regulated, and how objections can be made to ODNR and future legislation on injection wells. Presenting and taking questions will be Attorney Thomas G. Carey of Harrington, Hoppe and Mitchell who specializes in oil and gas industry matters. Well operators and industry public relations will also answer questions.
ODNR says Trumbull County leads the state in accepting waste to be injected into wells. They took in 2.3 million barrels in 2013.
In the first three months of 2014, wells in Ohio accepted 16 million barrels of waste into the ground statewide, with half of it coming from Pennsylvania.

6:00 p.m., Trumbull County Administration Building Commissioners’ Hearing Room, 5th Floor ,160 High Street, N.W. Warren, OH 44481

http://66.232.150.6/news/2015/jan/30/trumbull-engineer-to-host-sessions-discu/ Jan 30

http://www.wfmj.com/story/28014119/trumbull-county-to-address-injection-well-concerns-wednesday Feb 4

http://wkbn.com/2015/02/04/trumbull-county-has-most-injection-wells-in-ohio/ Feb 4

http://www.vindy.com/news/2015/jan/12/vienna-newton-townships-emerge-as-primar/  Kleese, etc wells
EVENT link on FACEBOOK - do NOT need an account to view:

https://www.facebook.com/events/1408037766163371/





Saturday, January 24, 2015

Celebration of Life: Patti Gorcheff - in Youngstown, Ohio

Patti Gorcheff's daughter, Kelsey says, "All who knew my Mom are welcome this Saturday, January 24, 2015 at 2pm at The First Unitarian Universalist Church of Youngstown, 1105 Elm St., OH 44505. No viewing hours just a service. Potluck afterwards at church. Anyone who can make it is welcome. My Mom made her wishes known that in lieu of flowers that everyone perform a good deed to a stranger. Also that everyone bring a picture of her of how you remembered her. She stressed on how important it was that she not get flowers, that everyone do the good deed, even going as far as to say she would haunt the living:) I loved her sense of humour even in dark times..." ~ Kelsey
Our dear friend, Patti Gorcheff, passed away early Tuesday morning. Patti was an amazing woman with a passion for life. She bravely spoke out against injustices and wrong-doings especially those which harmed our earth and put lives at risk for profit. Patti was fun and loved to party. She only had to meet you once and she was your friend forever. Her death has left a huge hole in our hearts. Frackfree Mahoning will miss her but we will never forget her.
https://www.facebook.com/patti.gorcheff


 http://www.vindy.com/news/tributes/2015/jan/22/patricia-gorchef/

Here is more about what Patti wished all who loved her to do in her honour, written down by her friend Jeremy,
Patti said "you can send whatever you want, but you still have to do something nice for someone." After a hearty chuckle, I asked her to expand on what she meant by that and she said something to the effect of "everyone wants to send me flowers, like it will hit some button they have to make them feel like they've done something for somebody. I appreciate the flowers and stuff, but I don't want it to replace their doing something for someone near them. So if they want to send me something, that's fine, but I won't be anybody's 'nice thing' button, I don't want to be the ending place of someone's compassion fulfillment."

As so many times before, Patti set a new parameter for grace and care while navigating extreme hardship, and left me right where she picked me up the first time I met her, in joyful awe of the human capacity for levity and love.

While I really appreciate the support that has so quickly flowed from the few folks I've already told, I'm going to take one from Patti and say this is an opportunity to console someone near you. This is an opportunity to consider places and people where your sympathy and support have not been shared and extend them in that direction. All the love, may we all fight even a little harder in her wake.


Condolences sent from No Fracking France association:
Our association wishes to express its sincere condolences   and  express our friendship and our support for David Gorcheff, Brandon and Kelsey, his children, his family and his many friends.
We would like to pay tribute to the woman that she was engaged on this same struggle of ours against fracking.
Patricia was an amazing woman with a passion for life. She courageously committed throughout his life against injustice, especially those that interfered with the environment and the health of individuals.
And so there was a few years she has been engaged in the fight against fracking in Ohio where she lived with her husband David and her two children, Brandon and Kelsey.
It is a great emotion that gripped communities that oppose fracking in Ohio and more widely in many other groups of fracktivists the United States.
Patricia Gorcheff, was known to all those who fight against this extraction process for its daily commitment against fracking in the Mahoning Valley.
 Please see original Post here:
http://nofrackingfrance.fr/une-amie-fracktiviste-nous-a-quittee-hommage-a-patricia-gorcheff-13080





NORTH LIMA – Funeral services will be held on Saturday, Jan. 24, 2015, at 2 p.m. at the Unitarian Universalist Church of Youngstown, 1105 Elm St., for Patricia Gorcheff, 59, who died on Jan. 20, 2015, at Hospice House.

She was born in Altoona, Pa., on June 1, 1955, the daughter of the late Zane and Helen Brunner Wise.

Patricia was a homemaker and an amazing woman with a passion for life. She bravely spoke out against injustices and wrongs, especially those which harmed our earth and put lives at risk for profit. She will continue to be an inspiration to the Frack-Free Mahoning Valley and Frack-Free America National Coalition family.

Surviving are her husband, David Gorcheff; a son, Brandon and daughter Kelsey, both at home; two brothers, Bruce Wise of Altoona and William Wise of Montoursville, Pa; three sisters, Debbie Stevenson of North Lima and Janet Reed and Shirley Rhine, both of Altoona; and a half sister, Joy Glover of Lancaster, Pa.

She was preceded in death by a brother, Charles Wise and a sister, Margaret Schaffer.

The Matthew W. Conley Funeral Home in Youngstown is in charge of arrangements.
- See more at: http://www.vindy.com/news/tributes/2015/jan/22/patricia-gorchef/#sthash.tDXapKr9.dpuf


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5RtLGPI2kvI&feature=youtu.be : Watch on
YouTube if embedded video does not play
NORTH LIMA – Funeral services will be held on Saturday, Jan. 24, 2015, at 2 p.m. at the Unitarian Universalist Church of Youngstown, 1105 Elm St., for Patricia Gorcheff, 59, who died on Jan. 20, 2015, at Hospice House.
She was born in Altoona, Pa., on June 1, 1955, the daughter of the late Zane and Helen Brunner Wise.
Patricia was a homemaker and an amazing woman with a passion for life. She bravely spoke out against injustices and wrongs, especially those which harmed our earth and put lives at risk for profit. She will continue to be an inspiration to the Frack-Free Mahoning Valley and Frack-Free America National Coalition family.
Surviving are her husband, David Gorcheff; a son, Brandon and daughter Kelsey, both at home; two brothers, Bruce Wise of Altoona and William Wise of Montoursville, Pa; three sisters, Debbie Stevenson of North Lima and Janet Reed and Shirley Rhine, both of Altoona; and a half sister, Joy Glover of Lancaster, Pa.
She was preceded in death by a brother, Charles Wise and a sister, Margaret Schaffer.
The Matthew W. Conley Funeral Home in Youngstown is in charge of arrangements.
- See more at: http://www.vindy.com/news/tributes/2015/jan/22/patricia-gorchef/#sthash.tDXapKr9.dpuf
NORTH LIMA – Funeral services will be held on Saturday, Jan. 24, 2015, at 2 p.m. at the Unitarian Universalist Church of Youngstown, 1105 Elm St., for Patricia Gorcheff, 59, who died on Jan. 20, 2015, at Hospice House.
She was born in Altoona, Pa., on June 1, 1955, the daughter of the late Zane and Helen Brunner Wise.
Patricia was a homemaker and an amazing woman with a passion for life. She bravely spoke out against injustices and wrongs, especially those which harmed our earth and put lives at risk for profit. She will continue to be an inspiration to the Frack-Free Mahoning Valley and Frack-Free America National Coalition family.
Surviving are her husband, David Gorcheff; a son, Brandon and daughter Kelsey, both at home; two brothers, Bruce Wise of Altoona and William Wise of Montoursville, Pa; three sisters, Debbie Stevenson of North Lima and Janet Reed and Shirley Rhine, both of Altoona; and a half sister, Joy Glover of Lancaster, Pa.
She was preceded in death by a brother, Charles Wise and a sister, Margaret Schaffer.
The Matthew W. Conley Funeral Home in Youngstown is in charge of arrangements.
- See more at: http://www.vindy.com/news/tributes/2015/jan/22/patricia-gorchef/#sthash.tDXapKr9.dpuf
NORTH LIMA – Funeral services will be held on Saturday, Jan. 24, 2015, at 2 p.m. at the Unitarian Universalist Church of Youngstown, 1105 Elm St., for Patricia Gorcheff, 59, who died on Jan. 20, 2015, at Hospice House.
She was born in Altoona, Pa., on June 1, 1955, the daughter of the late Zane and Helen Brunner Wise.
Patricia was a homemaker and an amazing woman with a passion for life. She bravely spoke out against injustices and wrongs, especially those which harmed our earth and put lives at risk for profit. She will continue to be an inspiration to the Frack-Free Mahoning Valley and Frack-Free America National Coalition family.
Surviving are her husband, David Gorcheff; a son, Brandon and daughter Kelsey, both at home; two brothers, Bruce Wise of Altoona and William Wise of Montoursville, Pa; three sisters, Debbie Stevenson of North Lima and Janet Reed and Shirley Rhine, both of Altoona; and a half sister, Joy Glover of Lancaster, Pa.
She was preceded in death by a brother, Charles Wise and a sister, Margaret Schaffer.
The Matthew W. Conley Funeral Home in Youngstown is in charge of arrangements.
- See more at: http://www.vindy.com/news/tributes/2015/jan/22/patricia-gorchef/#sthash.tDXapKr9.dpuf

Video by Jay Wilcox - interview with Patti Gorcheff made last year (October 10, 2014)  at Maggie Henry's house during the stay by the Great March for Climate Action

Monday, November 17, 2014

Scientists link over 1000 earthquakes to fracking or fracking waste injection wells in Ohio, yet the state of Ohio only lists 18 quakes on their website. Why? How Can Illinois and Other States Benefit From Ohio’s Experience With Fracking Induced Seismicity?

Scientists link over 1000 earthquakes to fracking or fracking waste injection wells in Ohio, yet the state of Ohio only lists 18 quakes on their website. Why?  How Can Illinois and Other States Benefit From Ohio’s Experience With Fracking Induced Seismicity?

November 14, 2014

By Dr. Ray Beiersdorfer, Professor of Geology, Dept. of Geological & Environmental Sciences, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, Ohio 4455, (330) 941-1753, ray@cc.ysu.edu

Prior to shale gas development the state of Ohio had suffered slightly over 200 felt earthquakes since 1776.  Many of them were near Anna, Ohio which sits in an extension of Illinois’ New Madrid and Wabash Valley seismic zones.  Since 2011 three Ohio counties, all aseismic, have suffered over 1,000 positive magnitude earthquakes. All of the earthquakes were human induced due to fracking for shale gas or injection of liquid frackwaste. The quakes are restricted to four locations, two housing injection wells and two fracking well pads.

Locality
County
Year
Induced Cause
Recorded Quakes
Reported on ODNR Website
Reference
Youngstown
Mahoning
2011-14
Injection
566
12
Kim, 2013
Skoumal, 2014,
Skoumal, et al 2014a
Uhrichsville
Harrison
2013
Fracking
400
0
Friberg et al, 2014
Poland
Mahoning
2014
Fracking
77
5
Skoumal, et al 2014b
Niles
Trumbull
2014
Injection
2
1
Linert,  2014
Runyan, 2014
TOTALS



1045
18


After the first swarm of earthquakes triggered by the Northstar 1 injection well in Youngstown, Ohio  (2011-present) the Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR) issued new rules regarding injection wells, which includes mandatory seismic monitoring.

Ohio will seek the following reforms to its Class II deep injection well program.  It should be noted that rules or permit conditions do not prevent earthquakes, in Ohio or anywhere else.

1) Requires a review of existing geologic data for known faulted areas within the state and avoid the locating of new Class II disposal wells within these areas;
2) Requires of a complete suite of geophysical logs (including, at a minimum, gamma ray, compensated density-neutron, and resistivity logs) to be run on newly drilled Class II disposal wells. A copy of the completed log, with analytical interpretation will be submitted to ODNR;
3) Evaluates the potential for conducting seismic surveys;
4) Requires operators to plug back with cement, prior to injection, any well drilled in Precambrian basement rock for testing purposes.
5) Requires the submission, at time of permit application, of any information available concerning the existence of known geological faults within a specified distance of the proposed well location, and submission of a plan for monitoring any seismic activity that may occur;
6) Requires a measurement or calculation of original downhole reservoir pressure prior to initial injection;
7) Requires conducting a step-rate injection test to establish formation parting pressure and injection rates;
8) Requires the installation of a continuous pressure monitoring system, with results being electronically available to ODNR for review;
9) Requires the installation of an automatic shut-off system set to operate if the fluid injection pressure exceeds a maximum pressure to be set by ODNR;
10) Requires the installation of an electronic data recording system for purposes of tracking all fluids brought by a brine transporter for injection;

Unfortunately rule number 10 has never been implemented. Had it been, it may have prevented the owner of the Northstar 1 well from illegally dumping up to 480,000 gallons of toxic and radioactive fracking waste into the Mahoning River (McCarty, 2013.) The cleanup has cost Ohio taxpayers over three million dollars.

At the time these rules were announced I recommended requiring a sonic log in addition to the required gamma ray, compensated density-neutron, and resistivity logs. The sonic log can identify faults transected by the bore hole, the others can’t.  This is important if the well drills through a fault plane. This was very relevant to the Youngstown injection well because the borehole penetrated about 200 feet into the basement rock and actually penetrated a fault. Normally these basement faults cannot be detected by any logs in wells that are limited to the overlying sedimentary layers.

Faults in the sedimentary layers above the (generally Precambrian) basement are rarely the source for the larger, potentially damaging earthquakes. Experience in Ohio and elsewhere indicates that these dangerous induced earthquakes occur in the basement rocks.

Therefore a minimum recommendation is that the installation of at least one initial seismometer near every well targeted for fracking or waste disposal should be required. If activity above a yet to be defined threshold magnitude near the well is then detected, an array of at least 4 sensitive stations need to be added before fracking or injection can resume. The Ohio injection well monitoring plan currently requires 4 sensitive seismic stations. These seismic stations have come into play because both the Youngstown injection well and one or both of two 2014 injection wells in Niles, Ohio have triggered additional earthquakes.

The fracking process itself has also triggered earthquakes in Ohio. Two of the only five reported cases, worldwide, are in the Buckeye state. The induced seismicity due to fracking in Ohio drew public attention in March of this year when 77 earthquakes ruptured at least 300 meters of a previously unknown fault under a municipal waste landfill. It now turns out that in October of 2013, over 400 earthquakes were generated due to fracking in Harrison County, about one hundred kilometers to the south. This information was kept secret from the public until the publication of a scientific journal article about the event (Friberg et al, 2014). Several of the 2013 earthquakes were magnitude 2.0 or greater and met the criteria for listing on the ODNR OhioSeis website. They were not posted.

After the March 2014 fracking earthquakes the ODNR made the following statement:
New permits issued by ODNR for horizontal drilling within 3 miles of a known fault or area of seismic activity greater than a 2.0 magnitude would require companies to install sensitive seismic monitors. If those monitors detect a seismic event in excess of 1.0 magnitude, activities would pause while the cause is investigated. If the investigation reveals a probable connection to the hydraulic fracturing process, all well completion operations will be suspended. ODNR will develop new criteria and permit conditions for new applications in light of this change in policy. The department will also review previously issued permits that have not been drilled.
In Ohio activities will pause at a Magnitude 1.0 event. After England’s fracking-induced earthquakes, the cut-off was set at Magnitude 0.5. The newly proposed seismic magnitude cut-offs in the Illinois traffic light approach (Green <2, Yellow 2 to 4, and Red >4) appear too high and are not restrictive enough to provide an appropriate level of public safety. For example, the observed seismicity due to fracking in the Horn River Basin of British Columbia, Canada were from Magnitudes 2.2 and 3.8 (British Columbia Oil and Gas Commission, 2012). These quakes were strong enough to deform the well casings in the lateral portions of nearby wells. This would fall in the Illinois Yellow zone, which requires nothing mandatory until three such events, after which there would be a consultation.  The Northstar 1 well in Youngstown was shut down on December 30, 2011 and was followed by a Magnitude 4.0 earthquake the next day, which caused damage to peoples’ homes. In his report, Dr. Kim of Columbia University (Kim, 2013) concluded, “that continued injection of fluid at Northstar 1 well could have triggered potentially large and damaging earthquakes.”

In regards to the geology, the 1000+ eastern Ohio earthquakes occurred on inactive faults that are over one billion years old. These faults would not have moved, if there had been no injection or fracking. Illinois has two known earthquake zones, The New Madrid and Wabash Valley seismic zones. Illinois already has a known seismic risk. Illinois needs to write rules that are more restrictive than Ohio, not less. The state’s regulators also need to work with geologists and geophysicists, that have no conflicts of interest regarding oil and gas, to delineate regions of the state that are off-limits to both fracking and injection wells.  Given what is already known about the historical seismicity in the region, to not do so, would be irresponsible and willfully ignorant.

Anna, The Former Earthquake Capital of Ohio, had damaging earthquakes in 1930, 1931 and twice in 1937. It also suffered swarms of aftershocks, a qualitative indication of human caused earthquake triggering. Based on local newspaper accounts John Armbruster, (Seismologist at Columbia University's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory) confirmed that there were oil and gas wells operating in that area at the time of the quakes. Because of the Anna’s seismic swarms and prolonged series of earthquakes, he considers it a candidate for triggering, but without more detailed knowledge it is difficult to make a strong case.

The policy for posting a seismic event on the ODNR website is that the earthquake was felt or it was magnitude 2.0 or greater. Earthquakes in Mahoning and Harrison counties meet that criteria and have not been posted.  The company doing the injecting and the ODNR control the data for Trumbull county and we have to trust them that there have only been the two earthquakes.  I have filed a public records request through my state representative’s office over two months ago and have not yet received any information.

Finally, I stress the importance of realizing that rules or permit conditions do not prevent earthquakes, in Ohio or anywhere else.

References cited:

British Columbia Oil and Gas Commission, 2012, Investigation of Observed Seismicity in the Horn River Basin, http://www.bcogc.ca/investigation-observed-seismicity-horn-river-basin Viewed November 3, 2014

Friberg, P.A., Besana-Ostman, G.M., and Dricker, I., 2014 Characterization of an Earthquake Sequence Triggered by Hydraulic Fracturing in Harrison County, Ohio, Seismological Research Letters Volume 85, Number 6 November/December 2014

Kim, W. Y., 2013, Induced seismicity associated with a fluid injection into deep well in Youngstown, Ohio, J. Geophys. Res. 118, 3506– 3518,

Linert,  B. J., 2014, Scientists search for clues in quake, September 3, 2014 Warren (OH) Tribune Chronicle, http://www.tribtoday.com/page/content.detail/id/615078/Scientists-search-for-clues-in-quake.html?nav=5021 Viewed November 3, 2014

McCarty, J.F., 2013, Youngstown man admits dumping toxic fracking waste into Mahoning River, The Cleveland Plain Dealer , August 29, 2013, http://www.cleveland.com/metro/index.ssf/2013/08/youngstown_man_admits_dumping.html Viewed November 14, 2014

Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological Survey, Recent Events List, http://www2.ohiodnr.com/geosurvey/earthquakes-ohioseis/ohioseis-home Viewed November 3, 2014

Runyan, E.,2014, Earlier Weathersfield quake accompanied increase in pressure at well
September 13, 2014 Youngstown (OH) Vindicator http://www.vindy.com/news/2014/sep/13/odnr-more-seismic-activity-occurred/ Viewed November 3, 2014

Skoumal, R. J. ,2014, Optimizing Multi-Station Earthquake Template Matching Through Re-Examination Of The Youngstown, Ohio Sequence, Master‘s Thesis, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio


Skoumal, R. J., Brudzinski, M. R. and Currie, B. S. , 2014,  Induced earth- quakes during hydraulic fracturing in Poland Township, Ohio, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. (submitted) and personal communication